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Hong Kong Comics () are manhua originally produced in Hong Kong. ==History== Sun Yat-Sen established the Republic of China in 1911 using Hong Kong's manhua to circulate anti-Qing propaganda. Some of the manhua that mirrored the early struggles of the transitional political and war periods were ''The True Record'' and ''Renjian Pictorial''.〔 By the time the Japanese occupied Hong Kong in 1941, all manhua activities had stopped. With the defeat of the Japanese in 1945, political mayhem between Chinese Nationalists and Communists took place. One of the critical manhua, ''This Is a Cartoon Era'' by Renjian Huahui made note of the political backdrop at the time.〔Wong, Wendy Siuyi. () (2001) ''Hong Kong Comics: A History of Manhua''. Princeton Architectural Press, New York. ISBN 1-56898-269-0〕 The turmoil in China continued into the 50s and 60s. The rise of Chinese immigration turned Hong Kong into the main manhua-ready market, especially with the baby boom generation of children. The most influential manhua magazine for adults was the 1956 ''Cartoons World'', which fueled the best-selling Uncle Choi. The availability of Japanese and Taiwanese comics challenged the local industry, selling at a pirated bargain price of 10 cents.〔 Manhua like ''Old Master Q'' were needed to revitalize the local industry. The arrival of television in the 1970s was a changing point. Bruce Lee's films dominated the era and his popularity launched a new wave of Kung Fu manhua.〔 The explicit violence helped sell comic books, and the Government of Hong Kong intervened with the Indecent Publication Law in 1975.〔 ''Little Rascals'' was one of the pieces which absorbed all the social changes. The 1995 amendment on the Control of Obscene and Indecent Articles Ordinance have much influence on the industry.〔(《情侶週刊》事件 )〕 The materials would also bloom in the 90s with work like McMug and three-part stories like "Teddy Boy", "Portland Street" and "Red Light District".〔 Many famous painters such as Wong Yuk-Long appeared.〔(漫畫自由國度‧漫人偶像 )〕 A comics publishing company, The Jademan (Holdings) Ltd (now Culturecom Holdings Ltd.) Initial public offering in 1986.〔(港漫歷史 1970~2003 )〕〔(香港漫画发展简史 )〕 Chinese translation of Japanese manga are also very popular. Since the 1950s, Hong Kong's manhua market has been separate from that of mainland China. Hong Kong's transfer of sovereignty back to China in 1997 may signify a reunification of both markets. Depending on how cultural materials are to be handled, especially via self-censorship, the much larger audience in the mainland can be beneficial to both. ''Sun Zi's Tactics'' by Lee Chi Ching won the first International Manga Award in 2007 and ''Feel 100%'' by Lau Wan Kit won the second International Manga Award in 2008. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Hong Kong comics」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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